Bioactive Molecules

In comparison to certain non-human species like amphibians and certain fish, which possess remarkable regenerative capabilities allowing them to repair and remodel substantial portions of their body structures, including the brain, even after critical trauma, humans have limited regenerative abilities.

Cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising solution to address this limitation. It involves creating functional tissues or organs from donor cells, which are then used for reparative procedures in patients. However, this approach necessitates donor tissues and extensive cell expansion before implantation, presenting challenges in standardization and reproducibility.

To overcome these challenges, a new strategy has been developed, aiming to eliminate ex vivo cell manipulation before implantation. This approach aims to streamline the process, reducing the time, effort, and resources required to generate tissue or organ substitutes.

Recent advancements in regenerative medicine have embraced the concept of utilizing endogenous cells for in situ tissue regeneration. This principle involves harnessing the body’s own biological resources and reparative capabilities by employing target-specific bioactive molecules to recruit host stem or tissue-specific progenitor cells to the injury site. Instead of relying on cell transplantation, this innovative approach aims to regenerate damaged tissue by unlocking the body’s natural regenerative potential.

These bioactive molecules facilitate the mobilization of tissue-specific host stem/progenitor cells, promoting their proliferation and differentiation into targeted cell types to regenerate functional tissues. By influencing the regulatory architecture of cells, these soluble factors support reprogramming and early remodeling bioactivities of the new genome. Through the synergistic action of these factors, epimorphic regeneration/repair events occur naturally in tissues, facilitating the reprogramming of cells in target tissues to a multi/pluripotent progenitor state.

• Successful in situ tissue regeneration relies on effectively recruiting host stem or progenitor cells in the initial phase. However, adult stem cell populations in the body are typically insufficient in number to significantly accelerate tissue regeneration. Therefore, targeting the mobilization of these cells from bone marrow adipose tissue and other reservoirs into the peripheral blood system is deemed essential.
• Bioactive molecules that facilitate the engraftment of mobilized host stem cells into specific tissues or organs for repair are crucial signals for efficient in situ tissue regeneration.
• Infiltrating cells are guided towards differentiation into specific tissue types to achieve functional tissue regeneration. This process triggers the growth and differentiation of endogenous stem cells.
• Bioactive molecules play a pivotal role in directing host cells to form well-integrated functional structures. Adult stem cells, usually quiescent, reside in a specialized microenvironment known as the ‘stem cell niche.’ Upon receiving regulatory signals from tissue injury, these stem cells become activated and initiate the repair process. Bioactive molecules, along with biophysical cues, enhance cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation, fostering a biofunctional host stem cell niche.
• Peptides are utilized to modulate the inflammatory response, facilitating an appropriate level of activation of the regenerative side of the innate immune response. This aids in supporting morphogenesis while balancing against the adaptive immune response.
• They replicate the regulatory properties of natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) and ECM-bound growth factors, serving both therapeutic purposes and fundamental biological studies.
• These materials activate existing bioactive ligands and respond to signals secreted by cells, enabling proteolytic remodeling and ensuring an appropriate histolytic response for extracellular matrix remodeling in targeted tissues.
• They have been applied in various contexts, such as differentiating stem cells into neurons, bone repair, and inducing angiogenesis.
• Additionally, they contain signals necessary to emulate developmental processes in tissue- and organ-specific differentiation and morphogenesis.

Based on extensive in-vivo research conducted over the past decades utilizing human embryonic cells, specific protein molecules have been identified with exceptional capacity for reprogramming, regenerating, and repairing various cell types, including neural, hepatic, and renal cells.

• Peptides and mRNAs: These solutions contain highly potent protein molecules and mRNAs, exhibiting remarkable capabilities in reprogramming, regenerating, and repairing diverse cell types. They demonstrate efficacy across various cell types, including neural, hepatic, renal, and dermal cells.
• General growth factors: These are purified mixtures of growth factors designed to augment the population of stem cells circulating throughout the body, thereby enhancing the regenerative potential of the entire organism. They also promote the survival of implanted or injected stem cells.
• Neural growth factors: Specifically tailored growth factors facilitate the homing of stem cells to damaged or diseased neural tissues. They also support the differentiation of stem cells into neurons and stimulate endogenous neural stem cells. For neurological conditions, such as intralesional or intrathecal administration, as well as intramuscular application, utilizing bioactive peptides and subcutaneous neural growth factors is considered optimal.
• For other indications, including intramuscular applications for muscle and cartilage, as well as intraarticular administration, bioactive peptides and subcutaneous administration of Genotrop are preferred methods.